1	Generations: New High Performance, Hand-Held XRF Jim Pasmore Director International Sales Thermo Scientific NITON Analyzers July 25, 2007
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3	Process Instruments Portfolio of Businesses
4	Portable XRF (PXRF) History “If I Have Seen Further it is by Standing on the Shoulders of Giants” _{Isaac Newton} 1. 1967: 1^st commercial field portable non-dispersive XRF analyzer used scintillation detectors with x-ray filters 2.1975: 1^st portable XRF analyzer with dedicated application calibrations for alloy analysis 3. 1978: 1^st portable XRF analyzers that stored (externally created) calibrations used early microprocessors and gas-filled proportional counter detectors 4. 1984: 1^st portable XRF analyzers with data storage and internally generated calibration curves used better microprocessors and limited electronic memory 5. 1994: NITON XL-309; 1^st one piece handheld XRF analyzers with real-time digital signal processing and silicon PIN diode detectors 6. 2002: NITON XLt. 1^st handheld XRF analyzers with x-ray tube sources
5	Evolution of PXRF Analyzer
6	39 years of PXRF Development: 1967 to 2006
7	2006: The Contemporary Sixth Generation PXRF!
8	Two Generations of Innovation: 1994 and 2002
9	Primary Application: Metal Alloy Testing 40 year old portable XRF application for alloy grade ID and chemical analysis Positive material inspection (PMI), recycling, fabrication and production ~14,000 combined Texas Nuclear (Thermo TN) + Outokumpu (Metorex/Oxford) installed from 1976 to present ~14,000 NITON analyzers installed from 1994 to present`
10	One Tool , Four Key Industries
11	PXRF Element Range For Alloy Analysis
12	Contemporary Sixth Generation XRF
13	Key PXRF Developments of the 6^th Generation Miniature X-ray tubes Dedicated, high speed, floating point microprocessors to handle math intensive FP calculations fast (80uS) Helium Purge for Light Element Determination Bench top convertible with commensurate analytical power Enhanced Detector Performance Adjustable Excitation Parameters X-ray filter, HV, current High speed digital signal processing and lightweight, high power batteries (Li ion) helped too!
14	PXRF Excitation Source: Miniature X-ray Tubes
15	Helium Purge Dual Use: Heavy and Light Element Analysis
16	He Purge Extends Element Range to Mg (12)
17	“Plug and Play” Conversion to Bench-top Use
18	Example of Enhanced Detector Performance
19	Example of Improvements from Use of X-ray Filters
20	"Small x-ray tubes" Small x-ray tubes, helium purge accessory, detector improvements and addition of x-ray filters has transformed the PXRF industry by extending the frontiers of handheld XRF including use as bench-top analyzer Development of portable analytical technology continues Where will the seventh generation take us?
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22	Key Advancements in Generation Seven 30% smaller, lighter than current generation PXRF analyzers; new benchmark in ergonomics Color, tilting touch screen display First 50kV miniature x-ray tube with small spot collimator for enhanced performance for many tramp and toxic elements Optimized front-end geometries with improved ability to measure in tight corners Faster, more powerful electronics, more sophisticated FP Automatic optimization of tube current 6 position filter wheel for wide range of high ex efficiency New features including USB, WIFI, RIFD, CCD camera
23	Small Spot Tube Beam Geometry
24	Practical Realization of the Design
25	PXRF: Quantum Advancements with XL3 Analyzers 2 W, 50 kV X-ray tube Improved performance for tramp (alloy), toxic (RoHS) trace (mining) and contaminant (environmental) elements Lab-grade performance for light elements
26	Example of Sensitivity Increase: Barium
27	PXRF: Platform Development Drives Throughput Two powerful processors + real-time DSP >2x reduction in measurement time = ⁭ increased productivity Operation simplicity drives ease of use / minimum user training
28	The Gold Anode X-Ray Tube 2 Watt, 50kV Au Anode X-Ray Tube Improved x-ray beam collimation More efficient excitation Faster, more precise and highly accurate analysis results Better LOD’s
29	Comparison of Blank Spectra; Ag and Au Anodes
30	50 Kv Gold Anode Performance Gains Cadmium analysis clearly improves with 50 kV and gold anode Increased excitation efficiency Cleaner, more constant background than is possible with silver anode Additional benefits of using Au anode Greater photon flux output (proportional to atomic number of the anode material: Z_silver = 47, Z_gold= 79 Au anode tubes made by Thermo NITON have better flux output and are more stable this we know from extensive tests not reported here Stability of Au-anode system tested as per industry standard (by taking repeated measurements of total count rate in spectrum from same sample over period of 8 hours) Stability found to be better than 0.2% relative which is better than industry accepted benchmark of 0.25%
31	7th Generation: Summary of Key Performance Factors
32	Proof of Concept - Performance
33	Proof of Concept – Productivity Compare against the current NITON generation
34	Proof of Concept - Performance
35	Proof of Concept - Productivity
36	Proof of Concept – Alloy ID Speed
37	XL3 – Instrument Housing GE plastics EXL 1414 Lexan Stronger, more durable and more heat resistant than 6^th generation plastics Completely sealed to moisture, dust, etc.
38	XL3 -- The Software Instrument utilizes a multi-tasking operating system Nucleus by Mentor Graphics Specialized for use in high-reliability electronics Used by companies such as TI, Garmin, Logitech, Honeywell, Motorola, NEC etc… Allows for Windows compatible file system Windows 2000, XP and Vista Does not work with Windows 98 and ME Much greater expansion than current system NDT Software NDTl, NDTc and NDTp incorporated into NDT Will support Windows 2000, XP and Vista
39	Analytical Capabilities 29 element simultaneous analysis: elements from Mg* through U including Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Pb, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb ~370 alloys each in two grade libraries Typical alloy analysis in 1 to 5 seconds * Requires optional NITON helium purge light element analysis hardware and software
40	Bench-top Conversion
41	Field Use for Environmental and Exploration
42	Accessories
43	Conclusion
44	Thermo Scientific Portable Elemental Analysis